Talk by Local Lewy Body Dementia Support Group Member on Coping

Bob Wolf is a local support group member.  His wife Carol has Lewy body dementia (LBD).  Bob wrote a wonderful, slim book called “Honey, I Sold the Red Cadillac” about his journey with LBD. He generously donated a copy to our group and it’s been circulating. You can also purchase your own copy!

Bob spoke at the Parkinson’s support group meeting in Walnut Creek last Saturday. His talk (like his book) focused on how he learned to enter Carol’s reality.

Brain Support Network volunteer Denise Dagan attended the talk and shared her notes.

Robin

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Notes by Denise Dagan, Brain Support Network Volunteer

Speaker: Bob Wolf
Author of “Honey, I Sold the Red Cadillac: Learning to Cope with Lewy Body Dementia”
January 20, 2018
Parkinson’s Support Group Meeting, Walnut Creek

Bob calls himself a recovering engineer. He thinks very logically and practically, so when his wife, Carol, started hallucinating he tried to talk her out of it. His book tells their story and shares how he learned it is not possible to talk someone with dementia out of their delusions or hallucinations.

He began my explaining that both Parkinson’s and Lewy Body Dementia (LBD) are caused by the loss of dopamine in the brain, but in LBD the areas of the brain affected is more diffuse or extensive, resulting in hallucinations years earlier than someone with Parkinson’s disease may experience them.

Bob learned an interesting thing from a physical therapist (PT) who tested Carol. The PT asked Carol how many steps she thought it would take her to cross the room. She guessed 12, but it took several more. The PT explained that walking is a rather automatic action controlled by the brain in an area affected by dopamine depletion. When you have Parkinson’s disease and you walk without thinking about it you don’t walk well. When you think about it, you move control over your walking to a different part of the brain, generally not affected by dopamine loss so, if you have Parkinson’s disease, you will walk better.

Bob shared the story of when Carol’s initial symptoms presented themselves and his initial response to her hallucinations by trying to talk her out of believing her own eyes. It didn’t work. He learned he needed to work within the framework of her reality, going so far as to schedule their shower times around Carol’s belief that the local little league team was using Bob and Carol’s shower after practice.

This is the story that determined the title of his book. It was the first experience that taught Bob he needed to get into Carol’s reality. One day, looking out the window, Carol began complaining about some teenagers causing damage to Bob and Carol’s red Cadillac. To begin with, Bob and Carol don’t own a red Cadillac, and they live at Rossmoor Senior Living where there are no teenagers. He tried telling her they don’t own a Cadillac and there are no teenagers. She persisted day after day when looking out the same window that the boys were causing this or that damage to their car. One day Bob said, “Honey, I sold the red Cadillac.” She asked, “How much did you get for it?” He was a bit surprised and said, “Blue Book.” She never brought up the red Cadillac again.

Before Bob learned he had to work within Carol’s reality, he once rushed Carol to the emergency room because Carol believed her mother was ill. Bob knew Carol’s mother was deceased and wouldn’t be at the ER, but he wanted to show Carol what he said was true and Carol was mistaken. It only resulted in Carol being upset. After Bob learned to work within Carol’s reality, when Carol believed her mother was injured and at the ER, Bob went into another room and pretended to call the hospital. He told Carol her mother wasn’t badly hurt and had been sent home. He then distracted her with a pleasant activity.

After Carol had several falls Bob hired a caregiver for Tuesdays, when his bridge club met. Gradually, he added the caregiver more and more days in the week. Eventually, their daughter asked what happens to Carol if something happens to Bob, even a bad cold or the flu? He realized it was time to find Carol residential care. The family looked at several places and still picked one that didn’t serve her needs. They moved Carol to where she lives now and she’s doing very well.

Bob had a difficult time dealing with the fact that he was retired with only one job, to care for his wife, and he couldn’t do it. He saw a counselor who suggested writing down his experiences and his feelings. He did, but he realized he didn’t need a counselor for that, so he kept writing and joined a caregiver support group. At the support group he realized his stories could help others learning to care for someone with LBD, so he published his writings in “Honey, I Sold the Red Cadillac.”

Question & Answer

Q. Does Carol still know you?
A. Most of the time, although sometimes she believes Bob is her father. After all, he has white hair and makes all the decisions.

One day the activity was a travel video of Iceland. In one scene, a girl was putting on ice skates when the activity leader asked the group, “What is that girl doing?” Carol said, “Getting ready to fall down.” So, you see? Sometimes she really knows what’s going on and still has a great sense of humor.

Bob’s best advice is to remember the flight attendant’s instructions, “Put your own mask on first, then help the person next to you.” If you can’t breathe, you can’t help anyone. Take care of your own needs first, then look after your loved one.

Q. There was a comment that levodopa increases hallucinations, so stop or cut back on levodopa.
A. Bob pointed out that the anti-psychotic Carol takes makes her Parkinson’s symptoms worse, so they need one medication to help the side-effects of the other, and vice-versa.

Q. Another man asked about the commercials he’s been seeing on TV about a man with Parkinson’s having hallucinations. He wanted to know what they are selling.
A. Someone from the back of the room explained Nuplazid is the only FDA approved medication specifically designed for Parkinson’s/LBD hallucinations. This man’s wife is taking it and he says it is very expensive.

 

Video of man with PSP with messages to recently-diagnosed people

This morning, I came across this post on an online PSP support group and received permission to share it here.
Robin

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From Bill Gibbons
Lindon, UT
I was diagnosed with PSP five years ago. I recorded a video of friendship and greeting, especially intended for those of you with the disease, and with a special sense of regard and best wishes for those recently diagnosed.

youtu.be/0Y-nejkZLl8

Anxiety, Depression, and Apathy (in Parkinson’s) – lecture notes

Brain Support Network has another volunteer who is attending lecture, reading articles, and sharing notes. His name is Adrian Quintero. He’s also a BSN part-time employee, helping families with brain donation arrangements. (He would be happy to help your family too!)

Last Saturday, he attended a Parkinson’s support group meeting in Berkeley. The speaker was Dr. Andreea Seritan, a geriatric psychiatrist from UCSF. Her talk was about anxiety, depression, and apathy in Parkinson’s. While some of the talk was specific to Parkinson’s, most of the treatment of these two symptoms applies to those in the Brain Support Network community (Lewy body dementia, multiple system atrophy, progressive supranuclear palsy, and corticobasal degeneration).

Here are Adrian’s notes….


Notes by Adrian Quintero, Brain Support Network volunteer

Speaker: Andreea Seritan, MD, geriatric psychiatrist, UCSF Movement Disorder and Neuromodulation Center
Title of Talk: Addressing Anxiety and Depression in Parkinson’s Disease
Date: January 20, 2018, PD Active Forum

Parkinson’s Disease (PD) is a neuropsychiatric disease. Many doctors don’t realize this, and think it just affects motor skills, overlooking the psychiatric component.

Anxiety and Depression are among the most common symptoms with PD, and are important to treat as part of the disease. There is often a stigma associated with seeing a mental health provider that can make treatment of both more difficult.

Very common in people with PD. The literature on it says it’s about 40%. For Dr. Seritan’s practice it’s closer to two-thirds of the people she sees. Anxiety can present very differently person to person.

Anxiety can often precede the onset of motor symptoms.

There are physical symptoms associated with anxiety. Dr. Seritan finds people with PD are often very attuned to their bodies and are good at describing physical symptoms. Some more typical physical symptoms of anxiety include rapid heartbeat, shortness of breath, increase of tremor. More atypical symptoms, such as abdominal pain, head pressure, dizziness, may not been seen by doctors as being anxiety related.

“Wearing Off” of medication
Some people experience anxiety during the time period where there is a drop in medication between doses.
Generally happens in the late afternoon, daily, is more predictable than panic attacks that can happen out of the blue.

Generalized Anxiety Disorder
Categorized by “excessive worry” more than 6 months
Is more of a baseline of anxiety that “sits” throughout the day (vs. comes on for a period of time like wearing off)
Some of the diagnostic symptoms can be hard to distinguish from PD, such as: sleep disturbances, muscle tension, easily fatigued, hard to concentrate, restlessness

Panic Disorder
Experiencing panic attacks, which are peaks of anxiety, generally short episodes that reoccur. In between episodes there is worry about having another episode.

Social Anxiety
Performance anxiety is the part of social anxiety that Dr. Seritan sees many PD patients struggling with. Such things as giving presentations, public speaking, can be very difficult for PD patients, as there is often worry about having tremors in front of people. Especially if someone hasn’t shared their diagnosis at work, etc, there can be added stress of a fear of a visible hand tremor.

Depression
Like anxiety, depression is complicated, and experienced differently by each person affected.
In PD patients, it is less common than anxiety, literature showing about 35% of PD patients experiencing depression, and 17% diagnosed with Major Depressive Disorder.
Like anxiety, depression may precede the onset of motor symptoms associated with PD.
When untreated, depression may increase PD symptoms – worsen motor symptoms, cause cognitive deficit. Alcohol and drugs may worsen mood. With depression there is the added risk factor for suicide.

Major Depressive Episode
(5 of the 9 symptoms needed for diagnosis)
-depressed mood, lack of interest (for more than 2 weeks)
-Anhedonia – which is lack of interest in normally pleasurable activities
-Increase or decrease in sleep (again difficult because many PD patients have sleep disturbances)
-Increase or decrease in appetite/ Weight loss or gain
-Feeling guilty or worthless
-Moving slowly (symptom for general population)
-Poor concentration/ memory (people often wonder if dementia is the cause)
-Low energy
-Suicidal thoughts or behavior

Many medical conditions can affect or cause depression, such as:
Thyroid imbalances, strokes, Alzheimer’s, Parkinson’s, post heart surgery or heart attacks (especially in men), chronic pain

Some medications can affect or cause depression, such as:
Some common blood pressure meds, GERD meds, pain meds, sedatives (like Xanax), steroids (like interferon, prednisone), Anticonvulsants (which could be used for tremors)

Apathy
Different from, and less studied, than depression
-not enough energy, feeling “blah”
-20-36% of new onset PD patients
-40-45% overall patients with PD
-lack of drive

Having a schedule and events where others can help hold someone accountable can help (such as Rock Steady Boxing classes, etc.)

Treatment Approaches for Anxiety and Depression
Dr. Seritan likes to start off with the non-pharmaceutical treatments first, which can include:
-exercise (such as Rock Steady Boxing, Dance for PD)
-diet
-good sleep hygiene
-minimize alcohol and drugs (including marijuana). Alcohol can aggravate depression, as well as affect balance, and disturb the sleep/wake cycle.

Other non-pharmaceutical treatments may include:

Gratitude practice
-practicing 3 weeks of journaling where every night you count 5-10 things that you’re grateful for. There is a book called “Thanks” that talks about this practice.
-Such practices have shown to increase sleep and energy, lower depression, and have no side effects!

Self-Efficacy
-Believing in the ability to accomplish goals. People often lose this feeling when they are diagnosed with PD. They may also experience a loss of identity, family role, loss of income, etc.
-Re-adjust goals- Look to strategies that have worked in previous moments of crisis, those strategies will work again
-How we see ourselves is important. Sometimes we may need the help of a mental health professional to act as a mirror.

Psychotherapy
-CBT (Cognitive Behavioral Therapy)- the most well-studied therapy for anxiety and depression.
-MBI (Mindfulness Based Interventions)- paying attention to the present moment non-judgementally. There is increasing studies and evidence as to the effectiveness of such interventions. Can help memory, executive functioning and cognitive functioning.
-MBSR (Mindfulness Based Stress Reduction)- often used in medical settings, there are groups oriented around learning this
-MBCT (Mindfulness Based Cognitive Therapy)- Combination of CBT and MBSR, used at UCSF.

Treatment with Medications
In general, timing of when medications are taken is important.

-Wearing-off Issue- Dr. Seritan suggests working with doctor to adjust timing and dose of medication. If experiencing several times a day, treatment of base anxiety may be needed.
-For PD patients who had anxiety and depression before PD diagnosis, SSRIs and SNRIs can be helpful for treatment.

Benzos
-used for anxiety attacks/ peaks, can help with wearing off anxiety, also used at times for restless legs
-NOT good for Generalized Anxiety Disorder, and shouldn’t be used for insomnia
-Recommends NOT taking daily, as risk for dependence
-Look at risk/benefit analysis of using
-don’t mix with alcohol or sleep-aids
-Xanax has a short half-life and can cause rebound effects. Dr. Seritan prefers medications with a longer half-life
-Some benzos can cause memory problems, and increase risk of fall
-Some can be sedating and are best taken at nighttime

Sleep-Aids
-Sleep disturbance is a major symptom of anxiety, depression, and PD
-Trazadone- may cause grogginess
-Ambien- there is a dose differential for men and women
-Melatonin- natural aide, Dr. Seritan suggests taking 2 hours prior to bedtime. It can be combined with Ambien
-Gabapentin- good for anxiety, sleep, and pain. Have to modify dose so as not to cause sleeping during the day

Social/Performance Anxiety
-Beta blockers can be good used PRN. There are possible side effects of increased depression and fatigue

Apathy treatment
“Activating” antidepressants such as: Buproprion, Duloxetine, Venlafaxine
-Stimulants- Does NOT recommend Ritalin, etc. Instead Dr. Seratin treats with Modafinil or Armodafinil

Deep Brain Stimulation
-DBS is approved for PD to improve motor symptoms. There are surgery risks involved, as well as psychiatric risks. It can increase anxiety and depression, as well as impulsivity. It may decrease anxiety and depression for some people. At SFSU, they have a long evaluative process with the team.

Overall, PD is a stressor on the brain, and medications add additional stress. When treating PD patients, the dose may need to be less, as is true for older adults as well.

Pain Management treatment
-Lots of patients take cannabis for pain. May be evidence for help with insomnia. Dr. Seritan does not recommend cannabis for treatment of mood or anxiety.
-Sometimes tricyclic anti-depressants may be prescribed for pain management.
-Often patients are already on several medications. Can be helpful to see a pain specialist.

Advance Care Directive for Dementia (New York Times)

This recent New York Times (nytimes.com) article is about the idea that the typical advance care directive doesn’t say much about dementia.  A physician recently developed a dementia-specific advance directive, which you can find here:

* Advance Directive for Dementia, dementia-directive.org

Two other resources are referred to in the article —

* The Conversation Project, theconversationproject.org
* Prepare for Your Care, prepareforyourcare.org

(I have previously posted about those resources.)

Here’s a link to the full article:

www.nytimes.com/2018/01/19/health/dementia-advance-directive.html

One Day Your Mind May Fade. At Least You’ll Have a Plan.
by Paula Span
The New Old Age/The New York Times
Jan. 19, 2018
Robin

“Chicago Med” TV show had a PSP patient

On Tuesday, January 16, 2018, the NBC TV show “Chicago Med” had a story that included a woman with progressive supranuclear palsy (PSP). The same woman had appeared in a previous episode where some details were given of PSP. In last week’s show, the patient had pneumonia. There was lots of discussion of a do-not-resuscitate (DNR) order and being placed on a ventilator. The patient died.

One person on an online support group said that last week’s TV show gave her a good opening to discuss pneumonia, end-of-life treatment, and the topic of a DNR with her spouse with PSP.

There was also some discussion online about how the lady with PSP had no problems with cognition, speech, or her eyes.

Here’s a link to Tuesday’s episode:

www.nbc.com/chicago-med/video/over-troubled-water/3649706

Robin