“Understanding the Emotional Aspects of Caregiving” – Webinar Notes

Home Instead Senior Care regularly hosts webinars for its caregiver employees.  Family caregivers and anyone in the community may participate.  In January 2017, they hosted a webinar titled “Understanding the Emotional Aspects of Caregiving.”

Here’s a short description:  “Caregiving can be an emotionally intense experience. Many caregivers experience negative feelings, which they may bury or deny. Doing this can lead to unhealthy emotional and physical states.”

Here’s a link to the recorded webinar:

www.youtube.com/watch?v=0WhKbXMsp24

Understanding the Emotional Aspects of Caregiving
Webinar sponsored by Home Instead Senior Care
January 2017
Speaker:  Lakelyn Hogan

Brain Support Network volunteer Denise Dagan listened to the webinar and reported the following:

“The first half of this one hour talk identifies normal emotions of caregiving.  The second half shares strategies to manage those emotions, and there is some good advice for both caregivers and professionals, particularly the first couple steps: acknowledge your feelings and release them.  It is normal to feel anxious, frustrated, or guilty for any number of reasons, but keeping those emotions bottled up just damages your health and makes you miserable.  If you can get past the feelings and take action to make your caregiving situation more manageable, both you and the person you’re looking after will be in better shape for the caregiving journey.  She has good advice for building your caregiving team by reaching out to family, friends, your church, support groups, even your employer.  Ask for help with meals, specific tasks, a flexible work schedule, or just a friendly ear or dinner companion.  Anything your caregiving team can take off your plate lessens your stress, resentment, anxiety, and frustration.”

I liked this list of the five phases of caregiving (using the example of a spouse):

– Phase 1, a wife still feels like a wife, doing her own household chores, plus some that once were her husband’s.

– Phase 2, a wife still feels like a wife, but doing almost all the household chores alone.

– Phase 3, a wife is now doing all the household chores and helping with husband’s bathing/grooming, beginning to have trouble juggling everything.

– Phase 4, husband is almost completely dependent on wife, who feels more like a caregiver and not much like a wife.  Most caregiver spouses do not seek emotional help.  She may place husband in a caregiving facility, but without assistance they remain in a caregiving role.

– Phase 5, a wife brings in outside assistance from siblings, adult children, home care, home health, or may place husband in a facility. With this support, she may be able to revert back to the role of wife.

Denise’s extensive notes from the webinar and the question-and-answer session are copied below.

Robin

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Denise’s Notes on

Understanding the Emotional Aspects of Caregiving
Webinar sponsored by Home Instead Senior Care
January 2017
Speaker:  Lakelyn Hogan

Theory of emotional aspects of caregiving studied for over 20 years:
* The Caregiver Identity Change Theory developed by Dr. Rhonda Montgomery and Dr. Karl Kosloski
* There are systemic gradual changes along the caregiving journey in:
– change in activities (newly required tasks)
– change in the relationship w/care receiver (especially increased dependency)
– change in identity of caregiver (from spouse or daughter to caregiver)

5 Phases of Caregiving:  Example is that of a spouse
– Phase 1, a wife still feels like a wife, doing her own household chores, plus some that once were her husband’s
– Phase 2, a wife still feels like a wife, but doing almost all the household chores alone
– Phase 3, a wife is now doing all the household chores and helping with husband’s bathing/grooming, beginning to have trouble juggling everything
– Phase 4, husband is almost completely dependent on wife, who feels more like a caregiver and not much like a wife.  Most do not seek emotional help.  She may place husband in a caregiving facility, but without assistance they remain in a caregiving role.
– Phase 5, a wife brings in outside assistance from siblings, adult children, home care, home health, or may place husband in a facility. With this support, she may be able to revert back to the role of wife.

Stopping at phase 4 or continuing to phase 5, even combining phase 4 & 5 are common.

Professional caregivers, geriatric care managers, social workers, etc. can help at any phase.  Example is helping a couple deal with phase 1 or 2, when a husband may be having to step in and make all meals when his wife always did the cooking.  This brings up emotions they may not have the skills to deal with, not to mention the learning curve for the husband in the actual cooking skill set.

Some years ago Home Instead interviewed clients to discover what emotions they were experiencing and whether they viewed them as ‘good,’ or ‘bad.’  Most viewed the emotions related to caregiving as positive, but especially those caring for someone with dementia viewed them as negative.  No emotions are really ‘good,’ or ‘bad,’ but our perception of them influence how prepared we feel for the experience or how burdened we feel about it.  Professionals can help caregivers embrace their new roles and get the support they need to deal with new, especially unexpected emotions.

AARP & National Alliance for Caregiving did a study in 2015 called, “Caregiving in the US.”
* 40% of respondents felt highly burdened
* 2 in 5 felt their caregiving situation was emotionally stressful
* Respondents in these groups end up repressing their feelings, but they may still feel anxiety, frustration, or guilt.

They may they feel anxiety because:
– They have difficulty watching their loved one decline
– They feel they aren’t doing enough
– They feel they have to be present
– They feel alone
– They feel stress on their marriage & nuclear family

They may feel frustration because of:
– increasing demands on their time
– physical demands of caregiving
– lack of control over their emotions
– self educating and finding resources they need
– lack of support system

They may feel guilt from:
– Wishing they could do more for their loved ones
– losing their patience with their loved ones
– missing time with their own families
– feeling guilty about moving their loved one into a care facility (even thinking about or researching this option)
– complaining about the demands of caregiving

64% of Caregivers caregiving 20hrs/wk, or more, are feeling overwhelmed.

So, not all feel highly burdened or in an emotionally stressful situation, but especially those spending many hours providing care, caring for dementia, and those that had no choice in taking on a caregiving roll will have more emotional stressors.

This chart shows the Health Impacts of Caregiving, specifically the number of respondents who say they have experienced difficult or health related changes since becoming a caregiver.  Note that those who express their emotions or allow for them, somehow, have lower incidences of these health related changes.

Additional research found caregivers repressing their emotions have higher rates of diabetes, high cholesterol, hypertension, COPD, and heart disease.  They are more likely to have a higher behavioral risk factors like, smoking, alcohol use, and in other ways not taking care of their health (failure to take advantage of screening tests, vaccinations, etc.).  To fulfill their caregiving duties, looking after their own health is crucial.

Strategies to Manage Emotions:
* Acknowledge feelings
* Release difficult emotions
* Find solutions
* Engage in enjoyable activities

* Acknowledgement of Emotions Strategies
Caregivers – acknowledge all emotions – both positive and negative, and avoid judging feelings.  They are common and normal.
Professionals – be aware of what caregivers may be feeling, and normalize feelings and provide reassurance their feelings are normal

Some aspects of caregiving you can control, and others you can’t.  You can provide nutritious, appealing meals, but you can’t make somebody eat.  If a caregiver can accept what they can and can’t control, it can relieve that emotional burden.

* Releasing Emotions Techniques
Caregivers – journaling, support group, therapist or friend, exercise/meditation/yoga, prayer.  Once they feel the benefit, they will continue.
Professionals – encourage caregivers to take time to release stress, educate about negative consequences that can come from too much stress, make referrals, listen

* Finding Solutions (Getting help)
Caregivers – siblings, extended family, friends, faith community, professional caregiving support
Professionals – understand caregivers’ feelings/where do they need specific help, notice their readiness to ask for help, coach caregivers around how to ask for help, make referrals to sources of help (Family Caregiver Alliance, lotsahelpinghands, etc.)

* Engage in Enjoyable Activities
Caregivers – list things they enjoy (read, TV, church, exercise, friends), plan mini-breaks and getaways
Professionals – reinforce need to take breaks and recharge, help caregivers understand they are not being selfish, provide ideas for recharging, give positive reinforcement

Reasons why caregivers don’t get help:
Professionals should encourage caregivers to increase the size of their care team.

Professionals get burned out, too, from time-to-time.  Their work is emotionally exhausting, too.  Its called, Compassion Fatigue:
Symptoms:
* bottled up emotions
* isolation from others
* apathy, sad, no longer finds activities enjoyable
* difficulty concentrating
* mentally & physically tired
* preoccupied
* poor self-care (i.e., hygiene, appearance)
* chronic physical ailments (i.e. gastrointestinal problems and recurrent colds)

Overcoming Compassion Fatigue:  [The same advice you give caregivers!!!] * find someone to talk to
* understand the feeling is normal
* spend quiet time alone
* recharge your batteries daily
* identify what’s important to you
* hold one focused, connected & meaningful conversation each day
* start exercising & eating properly
* get enough sleep
* take some time off
* develop interests outside of your work

Resources
* CaregiverStress.com
* Caregiver Action Network: caregiveraction.org
* National Alliance for Caregiving: caregiving.org
* Alzheimer’s Association for Northern California: alz.org/norcal
[Specific to dementia caregivers] * AARP: aarp.org
* American Society on Aging: asaging.org
– 25 Organizations that Take Care of Caregivers
* Compassion Fatigue
– compassionfatigue.org
– aafp.org/fpm/2000/0400/p39.html

Q&A
What about caregivers with no family, but earn too much to get public assistance?
Try the faith community volunteers to give them a short break.  If caring for dementia, try helpforalzheimersfamilies.com.  Try your local Area Agency on Aging, and caregiverstress.com.  Call 211 to connect to your local Area Agency on Aging.

What do you recommend for a daughter caregiver at odds with siblings.  How to bring siblings into the situation?
On caregiverstress.com type. “50 50 rule” in the search box.  There is a brochure and a webinar for Helping Siblings Overcome Family Conflict While Caring for Aging Parents.
Make a list of all caregiving duties and list sibling strengths and physical distance.  Try to make a match between what needs to be done and who can do what from where they are.  A family meeting may help coordinate this or create a calendar of care to rotate coverage.

What about when a caregiver needs help or a break, but continues to refuse?
Take the approach that he/she needs to be in the best shape he/she can be for the person they’re caring for so you don’t end up in the hospital and someone else, entirely has to care for them.  Help them prioritize caregiving tasks or things they aren’t willing to relinquish hands-on help with, so they can see some things they are willing to let someone help with, even if it is just housekeeping, it’s a good place to start.  caregiveraction.org has a lot of tools to get started.

End of life/grief caregiver resources?
Don’t be afraid of hospice.  They are the best at end of life care and have grief resources.
On caregiverstress.com type in, “end of life care” for some articles.  caregiveraction.org also has some end of life resources.

Professionals who are also caregivers and need to take care of themselves?
The “working family caregiver” should talk with your employer to find flexibility in their schedule.  Ask HR.  Some companies have “working family caregiver” programs, EAP program, etc.  Enlist help from those around you – both coworkers and family/friends, perhaps a home care agency so your loved one is not left alone so many hours.
caregiver.com

What about when all responsibility falls on one family member, who becomes resentful because nobody else is helping?
Sometimes other family members don’t know how to help.  Tell them!  Bring a meal every Tuesday, or take Mom to a specific doctor appointment, etc.  Especially men aren’t intuitive about what needs doing.  Have them mow, shovel snow, make home repairs, etc. if you don’t want to have them do hands-on caregiving.

Five E’s of empowered living with chronic illness

CurePSP hosted a webinar last year that focused on “patient-centered multidisciplinary management” of chronic disorders.  While the webinar was directed to families dealing with progressive supranuclear palsy (PSP), multiple system atrophy (MSA), and corticobasal degeneration (CBD), the concepts apply to all situations, regardless of disorder.  Very little about this webinar was specific to PSP, MSA, or CBD.

The speaker was Becky Dunlop, RN, with Johns Hopkins Parkinson’s Disease and Movement Disorders Center.

You can find an archived recording of the webinar here:

www.youtube.com/watch?v=BWoXJdkkV6I&feature=youtu.be

Your PSP, CBD, MSA Management Plan: Resources and Services
CurePSP Webinar
Speaker:  Becky Dunlop, RN, Johns Hopkins
March 6, 2016

Brain Support Network volunteer Denise Dagan listened to the webinar and said:  “[Becky] really paints a comprehensive picture that there is so much you can do to continue living even after what seems like a catastrophic diagnosis, if you’re willing to learn, and can surround yourself with supportive people.”

As part of her hopeful message, Becky shared five “E’s” of empowered living with chronic illness:

* Education:  learn about a disorder
* Expanding and building your team
* Effective communication:  utilize speech therapy, communication boards, etc.
* Effective coping
* Exploring options:  find a movement disorder specialist, participate in research, etc.

In terms of effective coping, these suggestions were offered:
* psychiatric services, professional counseling, social work services
* stress management
* meditation or exercise
* development of a support network
* support groups:  find or start one
* education programs
* develop and maintain your humor
* pet therapy
* maintain faith and hope
* get your rest
* maintain a healthy perspective
* find beauty in life
* don’t be afraid to ask directions
* recognize and celebrate your role and define the unique you

Denise’s notes about the webinar along with the question-and-answer session are below.  There’s more about PSP in the Q&A than there is in the presentation itself.

Becky referred to the WeMove organization.  This organization hasn’t been in business for several years so I deleted that reference.

Robin

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Denise’s Notes

Your PSP, CBD, MSA Management Plan: Resources and Services
CurePSP Webinar
Speaker:  Becky Dunlop, RN, Johns Hopkins Parkinson’s Disease and Movement Disorders Center
March 6, 2016

Learning Objectives:
* Comprehend the need for patient centered multidisciplinary management of PDP, CBD, and MSA
* Identify available resources for individuals living with PSP, CBD, MSA and their families

Patient Centered Care:
* All these individuals strive to identify and meet the needs of the patient
* The Institute of Medicine (2001).  Crossing the quality chasm: A new health system for the 21st century.
* “Providing care based on patient’s needs and expectations is the key attribute of quality care.”

Bergeson & Dean Commentary on Patient Centered Care in JAMA (2006)
* Ensures access and continuity (access to psychiatry, PT, and other services, and continuity among and between service is ensured)
* Provides opportunities for patient and family participation (key take-home point of this presentation)
* Supports self management
* Coordinates care between settings

Individualized therapy involves not only the pharmacological, but also the appropriate use of allied health professionals, assistive technologies, educational and support resources along the chronic illness continuum.

The Es of Empowered Living with PSP, CBS, MSA.  Identify strategies in each of these areas that will help patients and families.
* Education
* Expanding & building your Team
* Effective Communication
* Effective Coping
* Exploring Options

Education:
Knowledge is Power
Lay Education / CurePSP offers
* Network of education and support groups
* Numerous publications
* Web resources
* Conferences and Symposia

Highlights of Lay Educational Resources
* Webinars on specific topics such as incontinence, aphasia, advance directives
* Resources like:
– CurePSP
– National Institute for Neurological Disorders and Stroke http://www.ninds.nih.gov
– Lee Silverman Voice Treatment website

Expanding and Building Your Team:
* Lay people (family, friends, disease community/support group, church)
* Healthcare professionals including:
– Primary Care Physician
– Neurologist, especially a movement disorder specialist
– Urologist
– Cardiologist (orthostatic hypotension)
– Ophthalmologist (double vision, difficulty focusing)
– Psychiatrist (depression, anxiety)

Visual Disturbances (Importance of Ophthalmologist)
* Dry eyes (natural tears and lubricants)
* Difficulty looking down (prismatic lens)
* Difficulty with eye movements, focusing
* Double vision (covering one side of glasses with tape)
* Sensitivity to light (sunglasses or tinted glasses)
* Blepharospasm (Botox around the eye muscle)

Psychiatric Issues (Importance of Psychiatrist, although PCP could help with some of these as well)
* Depression
* Inappropriate laughter or crying
* Impulse control problems (difficulty realizing limitations caused by disease so trying to do what they’ve always done may risk falling)

Role of Allied Team Members:
* Physical Therapy
* Speech Therapy
* Occupational Therapy (managing home safety, managing patient’s ability to participate in every day activities safely)
* Nursing
* Social Workers

Physical Therapy
* Maintain mobility
* Prevent falls
* Suggest walker and wheelchair as appropriate
* Instruct in safe transfer and walking
* Instruct caregiver to maintain caregiver health

Speech Therapy:
* Communication boards (www.givinggreetings.com/olderadults.html)
* Encourage patient to speak slowly
* Allow adequate time for response
* Prevent social isolation

Speech Therapy / Swallowing Issues:
* Place the chin in a downward or neutral position to close off the airway during swallowing
* Learn the Heimlich maneuver for use in the event of choking. (All family members.)
* Have suction equipment available for clearing the airway at some point in the disease.
* Thickening agents for liquids
* Consideration of a feeding tube (Verdun, 2000)

Example of a communication chart.  The person having communication difficulties just has to point.  [Editor’s note:  see webinar]

Occupational Therapy:
* Home modifications
* Home safety

Dietician:
* Unanticipated weight loss
* Maintaining a healthy weight
* Management of constipation

Developing your Personal Support Network:
* Educate family and friends
* Identify resources thru church or social networks
* Devise a plan by identifying needs
* Ask for help
* Consider creating an online care network.  www.caringbridge.org is a central place to keep family & friends up to date and ask for help.

Effective Communication

Effective Coping

Some Resources to aide Coping:
* Psychiatric Services (caregivers sometimes need an objective, trained person for our own needs)
* Professional Counseling ( “ )
* Social Work Services ( “ )
* Stress management (to improve quality of life)
* Meditation or exercise (stress busters)
* Development of a support network (list everyone who is there to help you, and call upon them, even if its just one meal weekly)
* Support groups & education programs (learn from each other)

Develop & Maintain your Humor
She used to hand out Sunsweet Prunes because constipation is a common issue.  Her motto was, “We keep you moving.”

Pet Therapy

Maintain Faith & Hope
Identify your faith community
Have hope knowing there are tools out there to help you.  Don’t lose sight of that.

Get your Rest
It supports your stamina.

Find or Start a Support Group

Maintain a Healthy Perspective
When you’re living with a chronic disease, take time to look up and experience the larger world to gain perspective.

Find Beauty in Life
View the sea or mountains, buy yourself some flowers, etc.

Don’t be afraid to Ask Directions
If you don’t stop asking, people will be available to help and guide you.

Recognize and Celebrate your Role and Define the Unique YOU

Caregiver Health is VITAL to the health of the patient !
The first rule of caregiving is to take care of yourself.  So explore all these options…

Exploring Options:
* Movement Disorder Specialists over a neurologist
* Participation in research
* Other specialists (urinary frequency, call a Urologist / unmanaged constipation, call a GI / depression not well treated, modify meds.)
* Occupational Therapy Assessments/Driving Assessments/ Home Safety & Fall Prevention
* Caregiver Resources (National Caregiver Resources, CurePSP)
* Assistive Devices
* Consider Palliative Care and Hospice

Walking aides
U-Step walker has red laser line between back wheels to prevent freezing.
laser cane
www.parkinsonshop.com/

Home environment.  Get an OT consult.
* Considerations for safety:
– Grab bars in bathroom (by toilet, tub, shower, sink)
– Railings on stairs/steps
– Adequate lighting
– Eliminate fall hazards:  Throw rugs, toys, clutter
– Entrance ramp

Gizmos and Gadgets
– Shoehorn with a long handle (medical supply stores)
– Bedrail that slides under mattress and helps get out and reposition themselves in bed.  (Must extend 3-4 feet under mattress for safety.)
– Swivel Seat (getting in/out of a car.  Plastic bags can work just as well on fabric car seats.)
– Ursec Urinal (this is a travel variety.  Good for preventing spills.)

More Gizmos and Gadgets
www.mtsmedicalsupply.com/pages/parkinsons-products.cfm
www.activeforever.com/flyers/Movement_Disorder_Catalog.pdf
Rollator (consult w/a PT before purchasing one.  Having a seat can be good on long outings.)
Stand Ease (helps one to stand from a low seat)
Turn Ease & Car Ease (help get in/out of car or bed.  Silk sheets and/or PJs can make it easier to reposition in bed)
Sock Aide (helps you put on a sock independently)

Complementary Therapies provide enjoyment and an outlet with a person living with a long term disorder.  Improves quality of life.
* Music therapy
* Art therapy
* Therapeutic horticulture
* Aromatherapy
* Animal-assisted therapy
* Spiritual care
* Massage therapy
* Healing touch
* Acupuncture

Hope
That elusive spirit in the heart of man,
With it, desires and fears will withstand.
When present and believed within the soul,
The thread of hope will keep you whole.
by Becky Dunlop, RN (2009)

Q&A
What county, state or federal agencies can help?
Contact your local Area Agency on Aging.  They are charged with helping individuals navigate the healthcare system when they are 60 years +.  If younger approach the state disability services agency.  Nurses and social workers at those agencies can provide direction.

Differences between Parkinson’s & PSP?
Main difference is Parkinson’s being a chronic progressive disease with good medicines for symptoms for many years so people are able to live full lives.  Advanced Parkinson’s disease is similar to PSP.  With PSP an individual will progress chronically and movement becomes worse because there are no medicines to reduce symptoms.  Falls and immobility increase over time.  In advanced Parkinson’s medicines don’t work as well because of brain cell loss.

As PSP progresses is it normal for the patient to become increasingly confused in unfamiliar surrounds outside the home?  What can a caregiver do to lessen the impact on the patient?
Yes, that is normal.  What a caregiver can do is create a routine and repeat verbally and in writing to the patient what’s going on.  Mainly, let them know what you’re going to do at the beginning of the day.  This may limit some of their anxiety and may help them be the best they can be.  Remember these individuals are not dealing with the same neurologic capacities we are as healthy people, therefore any change in routine is anxiety provoking and a disruption to them.  Anything you can do to aid and eliminate that will help them.

My husband can hear sound, but does not always understand what is being said.  Communication has become extremely difficult.  Is there anything to aid with this situation?
When someone can’t sort out verbal communication, it is very challenging.  Keep it simple.  Keep it slow.  Repeat yourself.  Give him time to process.  In many of these neurodegenative disorders people have bradyphrenia (slow thinking).  Their processing ability is much slower than a healthy person’s.  They may feel as though they understand what’s going on around the, but can’t get it out because what’s going on around them is happening so quickly.  Anything we can do to slow it down, simplify it, repeat, and give them time to reflect, will give them time to help that communication.

What palliative care services can be helpful to PSP patients?
Palliative care services may be engaging a home care agency that offers palliative care.  Identifying a depression may be helpful.  Identifying changes in vision.  Sometimes when a person has excessive saliva we provide medication to dry that and help them be more comfortable.  The whole aim is not to cure, but to keep the person as comfortable as possible, given the circumstances.

Will a discussion of facing the end worsen the depression of the patient?
Depends on the patient.  Many people want to know what lies ahead.  Even people with dementia, people can be concerned.  Reassuring someone and telling them the truth, but that everyone is there to help them is a comfort.  Facing the end may help the individual and allay their anxiety.  It may help them build their coping skills, knowing what to expect.

My PCP is treating my urinary frequency.  Should I see a urologist?
Sure.  A specialist may see something the PCP doesn’t know about.  Two heads are better than one.

Looking for a support group?
Contact CurePSP even for world-wide locations.

When should you consider palliative care?
Now.

“Informed Patient? Don’t Bet On It” (New York Times)

This is a good article in today’s New York Times about how to be a more informed patient:

www.nytimes.com/2017/03/01/well/live/informed-patient-dont-bet-on-it.html

Well
Informed Patient? Don’t Bet On It
New York Times
By Mikkael A. Sekeres, M.D. and Timothy D. Gilligan, M.D.
March 1, 2017

The authors, two physicians, suggest patients do the following to become better informed:

■ Ask [physicians] to use common words and terms. 

■ Summarize back [to physicians] what you heard. 

■ Request written materials, or even pictures or videos [from your physician].

■ Ask for best-case, worst-case, and most likely scenarios, along with the chance of each one occurring.

■ Ask if you can talk to someone who has undergone the surgery, or received the [treatment].

■ Explore alternative treatment options, along with the advantages and disadvantages of each. 

■ Take notes, and bring someone else to your appointments to be your advocate, ask the questions you may be reluctant to, and be your “accessory brain,” to help process the information we are trying to convey.

Robin