“Communicating and Advocating with Medical Professionals” (workshop notes)

Brain Support Network super-volunteer Denise Dagan recently attended a Family Caregiver Alliance workshop on “Communicating and Advocating with Medical Professionals.”  The workshop leader, Christina Irving, LCSW, is a longtime friend of BSN, having spoken at our symposia and attended our local support group meetings.

I encourage the caregivers in our network to know about Family Caregiver Alliance (caregiver.org), which supports caregivers in six Bay Area counties, or the affiliated California Caregiver Resource Centers.  You can find a list of them here:
www.caregiver.org/californias-caregiver-resource-centers

Here are Denise’s notes from the workshop.

Robin

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Recently, I attended a workshop hosted by the Family Caregiver Alliance on “Communicating and Advocating with Medical Professionals.”

Christina Irving, LCSW, directed us to a 44-page online booklet that discusses this topic in depth.  Talking With Your Doctor, A Guide for Older People is available to read or print at:

Talking With Your Doctor: A Guide for Older People
www.nia.nih.gov/health/publication/talking-your-doctor/opening-thoughts-why-does-it-matter

There are a number of challenges to effective communication with medical professionals.  Hopefully, having some idea of your rights, and knowing you’re not asking for more than you deserve, will put you in a position of confidence.

Here are some things we discussed in the workshop.

You can communicate with your doctor better by taking an active role in your health care. In the past, the doctor typically took the lead and the patient followed.

Christina made sure we were aware of a fairly recent change in Medicare.  “In January of 2014, Medicare officials updated the agency’s policy manual — the rule book for everything Medicare does — to erase any notion that improvement is necessary to receive coverage for skilled care. That means Medicare now will pay for physical therapy, nursing care and other services for beneficiaries with chronic diseases like multiple sclerosis, Parkinson’s or Alzheimer’s disease in order to maintain their condition and prevent deterioration.”

You may not have heard about this before because Medicare was not required to inform beneficiaries, although Robin got the word out to this list at the time.  See:

Medicare Policy Change – No Improvement Requirement
www.brainsupportnetwork.org/medicare-no-improvement-requirement/

Then, we had a discussion that began with finding a qualified doctor with whom you feel comfortable speaking about everything.  Expect that doctor to work with you as a team, communicate with specialists to ensure you get the right diagnosis and confer with you on treatment options.  Know that you have a right to an interpreter, if you need one.

But, its not just a one-way street.  When you go in for an appointment be prepared.  Keep track of the symptoms you came to discuss: when do they occur? what makes them better or worse?  Make a prioritized list of what you want to discuss.  Share all your symptoms, medications you are taking, your habits, stressors, etc., and ask questions.  Bring someone with you to help report symptoms, take notes, and remember what the doctor says.

Doctors often place responsibility on you to do or acquire something related to your treatment.  For example: they may recommend dietary changes, or medical equipment.  If you find you don’t know exactly how to carry out the instructions, even if you’ve already left the office, call and say, “I don’t know how to implement this.  I need someone to educate me.”  The doctor should write a prescription for physical or occupational therapy consult, nutritionist or dietician consult, or someone in the office should explain exactly what to do.

Before you leave an appointment be sure you understand why tests have been ordered, how to prepare for them, dangers or side effects, how you will find out the results and when, what will you know after the test, and how to proceed.  You should understand the implications of your diagnosis and what you can expect.  And ask about medications, how you are to take them, side effects and alternatives.

Make sure you understand what your treatment involves, what it will or will not do, and if the doctor suggests a treatment that makes you uncomfortable ask if there are alternatives.  Discuss cost, risks and benefits, and consider your values and circumstances with respect to each treatment option.  Specialists can be hyper-focused on their area of expertise and recommend therapies in conflict with the patient’s unrelated diagnoses, especially as we age.  Point out these conflicts and don’t leave the appointment without a treatment plan that works for you.

You have the right to a second opinion and should always ask for one when surgery, radiation, or chemo are recommended.  Second opinion referrals are also reasonable when you want confirmation of a diagnosis or recommended treatment, or when you aren’t comfortable with your current care.  Take advantage of our marvelous local research and teaching hospitals.  If you’re with Kaiser it may mean traveling to a Kaiser location that specializes in not just neurology, but movement disorders, for example.

If you are hospitalized most of this advice applies with the added element of discharge planning.  Under the new CARE Act, hospitals are required to provide each admitted patient the chance to identify a family caregiver, to notify the family caregiver by the time a discharge order is written of possible discharge or transfer, and provide education to the family caregiver in a culturally competent manner and in the caregiver’s language of fluency.

Communicate your needs and limitations to the discharge planner assigned to your case.  Discuss whether it is best to discharge to home or a facility, and what insurance and/or Medicare covers.  If everyone agrees it is best to discharge to a facility the hospital should find an available spot for you.  If it is not up to your standards, you may be able to make them find you another by checking that the first is equipped to perform all discharge orders safely.  If they are and you still don’t like the place, you must do the legwork to find an alternative acceptable bed on your own.  California Advocates for Nursing Home Reform (canhr.org) can help.

Next Step in Care (nextstepincare.org) “provides easy-to-use guides to help family caregivers and health care providers work closely together to plan and implement safe and smooth transitions (hospital discharge, or from home to a care facility) for chronically or seriously ill patients” with checklists and videos in four languages.

If you feel a hospital discharge is not safe, or premature, you can appeal by calling Livanta, the Beneficiary and Family Centered Care Quality Improvement Organization (BFCC-QIO) for Medicare in our area, at 1-866-615-5440.  Information about appealing a Medicare hospital discharge is available at:

Medicare Claims and Appeals
www.medicare.gov/claims-and-appeals/index.html

Usually, just letting the hospital know you are aware of your rights to appeal a discharge, is enough to slow the process until all your concerns are addressed.

If you’re having difficulty communicating with medical professionals or coordinating care in a clinic or hospital, seek out their Social Work Staff, Care Coordinators, or Case Management Team.  These offices are there for just this purpose.  Failing that, consider hiring a Geriatric Care Manager.  They charge by the hour, but their certification trains them to facilitate communication and coordinate care among medical professionals.

– Denise

Sweet story about the value of online support groups

This is a sweet story about the value of online support groups.  In my ten-plus years being on online support groups, I am grateful to many (not all!) who participate and share of themselves — both those with a diagnosis and their caregivers and family members.

In this story on STAT (statnews.com), Stephen Wheeler visited an online patient community called Inspire (inspire.com), after he was diagnosed with non-small cell lung cancer.  After his death, his wife wrote to the administrators of Inspire.  “Weeks later, they sent her the transcripts of the discussions he’d participated in. There were 1,000 pages.  Some of Wheeler’s posts were whimsical. … There were many throwaway pages, but some passages were as deeply felt as you might imagine from a man facing death, including one in which he lamented the tendency to say that patients ‘beat’ cancer or ‘lost to’ it.”  His family realized what a difference he had made in people’s lives.

Here’s a link to the STAT article:

https://www.statnews.com/2016/11/30/coming-to-life-after-death/

ENDNOTES
After he was gone, a shy man comes to life in words left behind
By Bob Tedeschi
November 30, 2016
STAT

Expert Physical Therapist – Fall Prevention, etc. (Highlights of 48-min Video)

This email is of general interest to those in our Brain Support Network.

Though this talk by a physical therapist was delivered at a CurePSP family conference in Canada (mostly PSP and CBD families in the audience), all of the disorders in our BSN group will find value in this talk.

The speaker is Joellyn Fox, DPT, a movement disorder specialist physical therapist at the University of Pennsylvania.  Her focus is offering practical tips to preventing falls and keeping moving to “improve everyday life.”

You can find the December 2015 talk by Joellyn Fox, DPT, on YouTube here:  (48 minutes)

youtube.com/watch?v=0kz8ZqJHDVM&t=508s

BSN volunteer extraordinaire Denise Dagan recently watched the video and wrote down a few highlights, which are below.  Denise encourages everyone to watch the video, however!

Robin

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Methods to Improve Everyday Life
By Joellyn Fox, DPT, University of Pennsylvania
CurePSP Family Conference, Canada
December 4, 2015
48 minutes

Highlights by Brain Support Network volunteer Denise Dagan

Ms. Fox prefers to begin working with people the moment they realize there has been a change in their movement.  She calls this ‘prehabilitation.’  Clever, but her point is that until there’s a problem we don’t think about how we move.  Once there is a problem, she believes it is best to start motor learning and conscious movement training right away to prevent loss of balance and falls.

With Parkinson’s disease and parkinsonisms there develops a motor-sensory disconnect.  To compensate for that, one needs to:
– Think before moving
– Move with larger movements
– Finish one part of a task before moving on to the next by breaking tasks into parts.

For example; sitting requires approaching a chair, turning, and lowering oneself onto the seat.  When each part is done with thought, the risk of falling, sitting on the arm, or dropping onto the seat is minimized.

People with Parkinson’s often feel as if their ability to move has been lost, particularly when they suffer from freezing.  In actuality, it is a problem of activating the motion due to motor-sensory disconnect.  Compensating for this is primarily done through the use of cues to activate movement and improve gait quality.

Cueing the activation of movement can be internal (mental reminders, imagination) or external (verbal, visual or audible reminders, signs around the house, etc.).  Examples include:

– tape on the floor: to line up in front of a chair or bed before sitting, to step over going through doorways, etc.

– laser lines: light is emitted from the bottom of a cane (e.g. UStep laser cane) to break freezing and increase stride

– metronomes: help overcome freezing and maintain a regular pace or prevent slowing of stride.

Free apps are available for smartphones, even blue tooth so others can’t hear them.

– imagination: pretending to step over or on something that isn’t there (like step on a bug or over a threshold).

– tactile stimulation: tapping on the foot that’s frozen can often get it moving, or tapping on the side that needs to take the next step.

– RAS (Rhythmic Auditory Stimulation): People tend to step in time with music, whether they have Parkinson’s disease, or not.

Ms. Fox’s FOG (Freezing of Gait) Strategies start with the 4 S’s:
– Stop
– Stand tall
– Shift weight
– Step big

The key is to unweight one foot and make the next step a big one.  The cue in a physical therapy appointment is her saying, “Stop,” but remembering to say it to yourself is an internal cue, which doesn’t work for most people.  A solution at home can be STOP signs around the house where freezing often occurs (an external cue).

The rest of her FOG Strategies include:

For areas in the home (doorways, around furniture, etc.)
– Destination Estimation: estimate the number of steps to a destination and try to keep to just that many.  Works well for elevators because there is some anxiety over beating the door close.  Estimate 4 steps, take them big, and you’re in!
– Look through a doorway to the wall ahead.
– Stop, and step big over the threshold

For crowds (elevators, escalators, church, concerts, trains & buses)
– Allow others to go ahead of you to blaze a trail, and follow in their wake
– Move to the side of the crowd or against a wall and follow around the edge of the group

Turns require learning new techniques because you’re probably used to leading with your shoulders, but that causes legs to cross and may result in falling.  Instead, Ms. Fox offers specific techniques for maintaining balance while turning in both open areas and tight spaces.

Ms. Fox also spoke about retropulsion, backward balance loss with reduced step size and increased cadence, and festination, forward gait with increased step cadence, a.k.a. “runaway train.’  She listed several specific triggers and preventions for both.

Ms. Fox made the point that moving doesn’t have to be boring or tedious, even during your physical therapy appointment.  You want a therapist with that same attitude.  Her last slide has several research based movement options shown to benefit people with Parkinson’s disease.  Pick some and keep moving!

Lastly, Ms. Fox offers some specific tips for caregivers to to help steady someone with Parkinson’s disease while walking together, as well as minimize quarrels about nagging over posture or gait.

To find a physical therapist close to you, start with these resources:

– Look for therapists with experience working w/people who have Parkinson’s disease & parkinsonisms

– National Parkinson Foundation : Centers of Excellence
parkinson.org/Improving-Care/NPF-Network/NPF-s-Center-of-Excellence-Network-%281%29

– LSVT BIG Certification (Lee Silverman Voice Treatment, limb movement training)
Isvtglobal.com/clinicians

– Parkinson’s Wellness and Recovery
pwr4life.org

“Shining A Light”: Actress Kimberly Williams-Paisley on Caregiving

In the October/November 2016 issue of Neurology Now magazine, actress Kimberly Williams-Paisley shares her experience about caring for her mother with primary progressive aphasia, a type of frontotemporal degeneration.  (PSP and CBD are also types of frontotemporal degeneration.)  The actress wants other families to avoid the mistakes she made.  Though Brain Support Network does not include PPA among our four disorders, the article has some good advice for our group members as well.

Ms. Williams-Paisley has written a book titled  Where the Light Gets In, described as “unflinching” by the Neurology Now article.  If someone reads it, let me know if you’d recommend it and if it’s relevant to one of the disorders in our group.

Here are a few caregiver-related excerpts from the magazine article:

* The “family shouldered the burden for far too long.”

* The family allowed the mother to drive for far too long, even after several accidents.

* “[Driven by guilt, indecision, and uncertainty, the family…stumbled on. It was a situation Kim thought could have been avoided if the family had had a conversation with Linda before the disease robbed her of insight and judgment.”

* Family members should “not try to do all the caregiving on their own. It’s important for caregivers to reach out and ask for help,” Kim says.

* “One of the most profound lessons…learned…was this: Put your wishes in writing before you get sick.  The fact that her mother, Linda, did not put her wishes for long-term care in writing caused Kim and her family a great deal of guilt and uncertainty.”

Here are some relevant suggestions from the physician quoted in the article:

* Become educated about the disease.  Find resources.

* Teach patients how to communicate anger.

* Help patients cope with aphasia through music therapy or other expressive arts.

* Help patients focus on abilities the patient still has to make him or her feel better.

* Encourage patients and their families to participate in clinical trials.

* Speak out about the disease.

* Know that we are all imperfect.

Here’s a link to the full article:

journals.lww.com/neurologynow/Fulltext/2016/12050/Shining_A_Light__Actress_Kimberly_Williams_Paisley.18.aspx

Neurology Now
October/November 2016
Volume 12 – Issue 5, p 24–27
 
Shining A Light
Actress Kimberly Williams-Paisley wants to help other families dealing with primary progressive aphasia avoid the mistakes she and her family made in caring for her mother.
by Mary Bolster and Gina Roberts-Grey

Be sure not to miss the “web extra”!

Robin

Do Microbes in the Gut Trigger Parkinson’s Disease?

This post may be of interest to the armchair scientists among us, especially those with MSA and LBD.

There was a “beautiful study” published this Thursday in the journal Cell that focused on animal research in Parkinson’s Disease.  It could have implications for multiple system atrophy and Lewy body dementia, other  alpha-synuclein pathologies.  This isn’t human research but certainly ties into a lot about what we know about problems in the guts of those with Parkinson’s Disease.

For the details, check out this Alzforum post on the research done at the California Institute of Technology in Pasadena:

www.alzforum.org/news/research-news/do-microbes-gut-trigger-parkinsons-disease

Do Microbes in the Gut Trigger Parkinson’s Disease?
Alzforum
02 Dec 2016

Robin